Method and apparatus for competitive bonus games based upon strategy or skill

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to gaming systems and methods where enablement for play of a bonus game is linked to play of a primary game. A player may qualify for the bonus game by preselected criteria associated with play of the primary game. The qualified players may participate in the bonus game and compete against one another in one or more rounds to achieve a final winning outcome based on the individual player&#39;s skill, strategy, or knowledge. The player who achieves the final winning outcome at the end of a plurality of rounds of the bonus game is awarded a bonus pool funded by a portion of wagers accumulated during play of the primary game.

PRIORITY CLAIM

This application is a continuation of, and claims priority to and thebenefit of, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/184,778, filed on Aug.1, 2008, which is a continuation of, and claims priority to and thebenefit of, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/028,757, filed on Dec.21, 2001, now abandoned, the entire contents of each of which areincorporated herein by reference.

COPYRIGHT NOTICE

A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains or maycontain material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyrightowner has no objection to the photocopy reproduction by anyone of thepatent document or the patent disclosure in exactly the form it appearsin the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwisereserves all copyright rights whatsoever.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates generally to gaming systems and methods.More specifically, the present invention relates to gaming systems andmethods wherein a player is able to wager against other players in abonus game based upon strategy or skill.

Various mechanical and electronic gaming systems and their associatedapparatus and methods of use are well known in the gaming industry. Slotmachines have long been a significant part of the gaming industry and,now, video versions of slot machines are very popular.

Gaming establishments are continually searching for new games and gamingsystems to keep the interest of players. Gaming establishments such ascasinos are concerned that if players lose interest in a game, thegaming machine will sit idle and not contribute to the revenue of thecasino. By developing new games, the gaming establishments hope tostimulate existing players' interests in continued wagering and toattract new players. In addition, players may tend to be more active andconsistent in playing the gaming machines that have new games, thusenhancing the potential profit of the gaming machine.

To keep and increase players' interest in gaming, the gaming industryhas added “bonus games” to many of its gaming machines, including reeland electronic slot machines. A bonus game is a secondary game that istypically activated when the player achieves a specific outcome in aprimary game. For instance, the bonus game may be activated when theplayer receives a winning hand (in the case of a card game) or aspecified combination of symbols (in the case of a reel-type game) as anoutcome of the primary game being played. Bonus games appeal to playersbecause the probability of receiving winning combinations after entryinto the bonus game is, at least, greatly enhanced and, in mostinstances, some sort of winning outcome is guaranteed.

The bonus game is typically a different type of game than the primarygame, which provides more excitement and variety for the player andhelps to keep the player at the gaming machine for a longer period oftime. However, the bonus game may also be the same type of game as theprimary game, except that the bonus game has an increased potential forwinning in comparison to the primary game.

In many cases, the bonus game is a singular event in that the playchanges to the bonus game when the specific outcome is achieved in theprimary game. The bonus game is then played to completion. Examples ofthis type of bonus game are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,823,874,5,848,932, 5,882,261 and 6,089,978, all to Adams. Various embodiments asdisclosed in the aforementioned patents include methods of playing gamesemploying gaming machines as well as table games for play of primarygames and at least one pay out indicator for a secondary or bonus game.The bonus game is independent of the primary game, but is enabled byselected outcomes in the primary game. One embodiment operates such thatwhen the reels of the primary game produce a preselected outcome, thebonus game is enabled. In the bonus game, the player initiates the spinof a wheel or reel bearing a number of payout values, or initiatesanother bonus event such as a bowling-type or pinball-type payoutindicator. When the bonus event is completed, the amount of the bonuspayout is indicated. In the bonus games as disclosed in theaforementioned patents, the players are playing against the house andare not playing against one another.

Another example of a bonus game is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,089,976to Schneider et al. In this design, the bonus game displays amultiplicity of images on a video monitor from which the player selectsuntil achieving a pair of matched bonus awards.

In some cases, the bonus game is a more sequential event in thatprogressing through the bonus game is determined by continued play inthe primary game. An example of this is described in U.S. Pat. No.5,980,384 to Barrie. In that design, the player can win the primary gameon each play of the game, and the bonus game can be won over a pluralityof plays of the primary game.

The bonus game may also be conducted through a plurality of networkedgames such that the bonus game might involve a plurality of individualswho have been wagering at the primary games. Some examples of bonusgaming include U.S. Pat. No. 5,779,544, U.S. Pat. No. 5,664,998 and U.S.Pat. No. 5,560,603, all to Seelig et al. More particularly, someexamples of bonus gaming including a plurality of networked primarygaming machines include U.S. Pat. No. 6,146,273 to Olsen, U.S. Pat. No.6,012,982 to Piechowiak et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,284 to Acres etal. In the above-mentioned bonus games, the player's odds of winning arebased purely on chance because the games are configured so that theplayer has no opportunity to use skill to improve his or her odds.Stand-alone gaming machines based on skill, strategy, and/or knowledgeare generally not used in the gaming industry because these games haveseveral inherent problems. First, the player's level of skill may affectthe percentage or net return that the gaming establishment or houseexpects to earn because the player's skill can not be easily predicted.In contrast, the house's net return in games of chance can bestatistically predicted because winning outcomes have certain odds ofoccurring and have fixed award values associated therewith. So long asindividual gaming machines perform according to these statistics, thegaming establishment can accurately predict its net return. Second, ifthe house's net return is dependent on the player's skill, the house mayattempt to impact its net return by influencing the payout in the bonusgame. For example, the house may make a skill-based bonus game extremelyhard to win, making its net return easier to predict. Third, as gamesdepend more heavily on player's skill, there is a greater impact on theexpected payback percentage for the skilled versus the unskilled ormediocre player, which may raise regulatory and fairness issues in manyjurisdictions.

A level of skill is present to a small degree in video card games, suchas poker and blackjack, because a skilled player can expect a largerpayback than an unskilled player. However, even a skilled player's skilllevel will rarely yield an expected payback percentage in excess of100%, over time. Furthermore, an acceptable skill level is fairlyreadily achieved by many players such that the unskilled player has areasonable expected payback percentage.

As used herein, the term “skill-based bonus game” refers to a bonus gamewhere an outcome, such as a predetermined goal, task, or objective, maybe determined primarily by the level of skill of the player. Generally,the greater the player's skill, the more easily the player may achievethe desired outcome. Stated another way, the skill-based bonus gamerequires the player to utilize skill, strategy, or knowledge to affectthe outcome of the game. Skill-based bonus games may include strategygames (i.e., chess, checkers, or bridge), puzzles (i.e., mazes,crosswords, or jigsaws), dexterity games requiring hand-eye coordination(i.e., flight simulators or sports games), or knowledge games (i.e.,trivia games). The trivia games may comprise questions from a variety ofsubjects including, but not limited to, history, sports, movies, andgeography.

One example where a skill- or knowledge-based game has been used in thegaming industry is U.S. Pat. No. 6,193,606 to Walker et al. In thisgaming device, a player is presented with a trivia question while thereels of the slot machine are spinning. If the player correctly answersthe question before the reels stop and achieves a winning outcome, theplayer receives a larger payout than if he had only received the winningoutcome. The amount of the payout is determined by an enhanced payouttable.

While the above-mentioned bonus games have been used in the gamingindustry, improved gaming systems and methods are still needed tostimulate and maintain players' interests in gaming. Preferably, theseimproved gaming systems and methods would appeal to the player'scompetitive nature and introduce skill-based bonus games where the netreturn of the house is not impacted by the player's level of skill. Sucha bonus game would increase the player's level of excitement by placingplayers in a competitive setting and would appeal to those players whoprefer to compete in bonus games based, at least partially, upon theirown level of skill or knowledge. The bonus game would also beadvantageous to gaming establishments because it would allow them toprovide skill-based bonus games while still being able to predict theirnet return.

SUMMARY

The present invention relates to gaming systems and methods ofconducting games of chance that may be implemented on multiple linked ornetworked gaming machines. The gaming machines are networked to enableplay of a bonus game in a competitive setting. The bonus game iscontrolled by a bonus game controller, which is operably coupled to acentral server computer. In one embodiment, a method of conducting agame of chance is disclosed. The method includes play of a primary gameand an associated, skill-based bonus game. The method may includeconfiguring the bonus game for competitive play by a plurality ofplayers, wherein a final outcome in the bonus game is determined by theskill, strategy, or knowledge of the players. The method may furtherinclude configuring the bonus game for competitive play by teams ofplayers. A bonus pool may be generated by allocation of a portion ofwagers tendered for play of the primary game and may be awarded based onthe final outcome in the bonus game.

In a more specific implementation, the method includes configuring thebonus game to be enabled for play when at least one player achieves aspecific outcome or otherwise qualifies by meeting preselected criteriaassociated with play of the primary game. When the at least one playerqualifies for the bonus game, a predetermined number of credits for eachqualifying entry may be added to the bonus pool. Since the bonus poolmay, as noted above, be generated by play of the primary game, itensures that the player's skill in the bonus game does not impact thenet return of the house in the primary game. The bonus game is played toa final outcome, whereupon the bonus pool is awarded to the winner(s).The bonus game may be a trivia game, a phrase-guessing game, or a mazepuzzle.

A system for conducting a game of chance is also provided. The systemincludes a plurality of gaming machines, each configured to play aprimary game of chance and networked for play of a bonus game. Thenetwork may include gaming machines at a plurality of mutually remotesites. The bonus game is configured to enable qualified players to useskill, strategy, or knowledge to achieve a final outcome in the bonusgame. The bonus game may be funded from a bonus pool that is associatedwith play of the primary game. The bonus pool is awarded to the playerwho achieves the final winning outcome.

As used herein, the terms “game,” “gaming” and “game of chance” includeand encompass not only games having a random or arbitrary outcome, butalso such games which also invite or require some player input to thegame having at least a potential for affecting a game outcome. Suchplayer input is generally termed “skill” whether or not such input is inactuality beneficial in terms of game outcome.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary gaming machine which may be used to implementthe present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of an exemplary competitivebonus gaming network which may be used to implement the presentinvention.

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary competitive bonus game system which maybe used to implement the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a play sequence according to an exemplaryembodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As used herein, the term “bonus game” means a skill-based bonus game,wherein the term “skill-based” is as previously defined and alsoincludes a bonus game that may require the player to use strategy orknowledge. The term “qualified player” means a player who has qualifiedto participate in the bonus game of the present invention.

The present invention relates to gaming systems and methods where abonus game is linked to play of a primary game. A player may qualify forthe bonus game by achieving a specific outcome in the primary game, orthrough other criteria associated with play of the primary game, whichenables or qualifies the player to wager or otherwise compete againstother players in the bonus game. The player's skill, strategy, orknowledge determines a final outcome in the bonus game. The player whoachieves the final outcome is awarded a bonus pool that is generated byplay of the primary game, thereby ensuring the house's independence fromthe player's level of skill.

FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary gaming machine 100 for use inimplementing the bonus game of the present invention. Gaming machine ordevice 100 includes a memory board 140, a processor board 142, a mainboard 144 and a back plane 146 integrally or separately formed. Memoryexpansion board 140 as well as processor board 142 including a graphicssystem processor and video expansion board VGA/SVGA 148, are operablycoupled to the main board 144. The main board 144 preferably includesmemory in the form of ROM, RAM, flash memory and EEPROM (electricallyerasable programmable read only memory). In addition, the main board 144includes a system event controller, a random number generator, a windecoder/pay table, status indicators, a communications handler and adisplay/sound generator.

The main board 144 is operably coupled to the back plane 146, which mayinclude additional memory, such as in the form of an EEPROM, andconnectors to connect to peripherals. Furthermore, the back plane 146provides a plurality of communication ports for communicating withexternal peripherals. The back plane 146 provides the coupling betweendiscrete inputs 150 and the processor board 142 and main board 144.Typical examples of elements which provide discrete inputs are coinacceptors, game buttons, mechanical hand levers, key and door switchesand other auxiliary inputs. Furthermore, the back plane 146 provides thecoupling between discrete outputs 152 and the processor board 142 andmain board 144. Typically and by way of example only, elements thatprovide discrete outputs are in the form of lamps, hard meters, hoppers,diverters and other auxiliary outputs.

The back plane 146 also provides connectors for at least one powersupply 154 for supplying power for the processor board 142 and aparallel display interface (PDI) 156 and a serial interface 158 for gamedisplay device 178. In addition, the back plane 146 also providesconnectors for a sound board 160 and a high-resolution monitor 162.Furthermore, the back plane 146 includes communication ports foroperably coupling and communicating with an accounting network 164, atouch screen 166 (which may also serve as a game display device), a billvalidator 155 incorporated in a currency (bill) acceptor, a printer 168,an accounting network link 170, a progressive current loop 172 and anetwork link 174.

The back plane 146 optionally includes connectors for external videosources 180, expansion buses 182, game or other displays 184, an SCSIport 188 and an interface 190 for at least one card reader 192(debit/credit, player card, etc.) and key pad 194. The back plane 146may also include means for coupling a plurality of reel driver boards196 (one per reel) which drive physical game reels 198 with a shaftencoder or other sensor means to the processor board 142 and main board144 if a gaming device 100 is configured for play of a reel-type game.Of course, the reels may be similarly implemented electronically bydisplay as video images, technology for such an approach being wellknown and widely employed in the art. In such an instance, reel driverboards 196 and physical game reels 198 with associated hardware areeliminated and the game outcome generated by the random number generatoron main board 144 is directly displayed on a video game display 184 and,optionally, on a separate game display device 178, as known in the art.Other gaming machine configurations for play of different wagering gamessuch as video poker games, video blackjack games, video Keno, videobingo or any other suitable primary games are equally well known in theart. It will also be understood and appreciated by those of ordinaryskill in the art that selected components of gaming device 100 may beduplicated for play of a bonus game or event in accordance with thepresent invention, in that at least a separate board with a secondrandom number generator may be employed, with associated peripherals andlinks thereto, for play of the bonus game. In the conventional situationwherein the bonus game of the present invention may be operably coupledas a “top box” or otherwise associated with a conventional, existinggaming machine configured for play of a base game, many of thecomponents illustrated in FIG. 1 and described with respect thereto willbe duplicated, including separate software and associated memory forconducting play of the bonus game with associated pay tables for thebonus awards.

Gaming machine 100 may be used to play the primary game that activatesthe bonus game of the present invention and as a terminal for play ofthe bonus game. This gaming machine 100 may be configured as a reel-typegaming machine, a video gaming machine that simulates reels or enablesplay of a card game, or any other type of mechanical or electronicgaming device known in the art for play of the primary game.

In implementation of the present invention, the gaming machines offeringplay of the bonus event of the present invention may be deployed, asschematically depicted in FIG. 2, in a gaming network 210 including acentral server computer 220 operably coupled to a bank 214 or otherplurality of gaming machine G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) which may include bothelectronic and reel-type gaming machines and which may be configured, byway of example only, as gaming machines 100. It is notable that, unlessthe gaming network 210 is configured for progressive play, a variety ofdifferent makes of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) offering widelydifferent games may be incorporated in gaming network 210, since thebonus event operates independently of the primary game on each gamingmachine. The central server computer 220 automatically interacts with aplurality of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) to activate a bonusevent.

More specifically, and again referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the gamingnetwork 210, which may comprise a competitive bonus gaming network,includes a central server computer 220, a bonus event computer 240 and aplurality of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n). Each gaming machine G₁,G₂ . . . G_(n) includes a controller assembly 280 operably coupled tothe central server computer 220 and is comprised of a controller unitdesigned to facilitate transmission of signals from each individualgaming machine G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) to central server computer 220 formonitoring purposes. In addition, the controller assembly 280 includes anetwork interface board fitted with appropriate electronics for eachspecific make and model of each individual gaming machine G₁, G₂ . . .G_(n).

Referring to FIG. 2, in electronic video games, the central servercomputer 220 is operably coupled to at least one video game displayelement 118 as shown at the left-hand side of FIG. 2 and sequesters aportion of the video game display element 118 for displaying videoattract sequences to attract potential players. Video game displayelement 118 may be used for display of both the primary and bonus games.Where the gaming network 210 includes reel-type gaming machines G₁, G₂ .. . G_(n), as shown at the right-hand side of FIG. 2, the central servercomputer 220 may be operably coupled to at least one active displayelement 120 so that potential players receive a clear indication ofattract sequences and the active display element 120 may be used as avideo display for the bonus game. As shown at the left hand side of FIG.2, the gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) may also be provided with asecond video display element 122 as an alternative to sequestering aportion of the video game display element 118 for displaying videoattract sequences and the bonus game. In addition, the central servercomputer 220 may include sound-generating hardware and software forproducing attractive sounds orchestrated with the video attractsequences at each of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) if such is notalready incorporated therein. The games support input and output betweenthe player and the games for such devices as heads up display, joystick,keyboard, mouse and data glove via interface modules connected throughthe expansion bus or buses 182 and SCSI port 188.

The attractive multimedia video displays and dynamic sounds may beprovided by the central server computer 220 by using multimediaextensions to allow gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) to displayfull-motion video animation with sound to attract players to themachines. During idle periods, the gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n)preferably display a sequence of attraction messages in sight and sound.The videos may also be used to market specific areas of the casino andmay be customized to any informational needs.

Furthermore, the gaming network 210 includes bonus event computer 240operably coupled to the central server computer 220 for scheduling bonusparameters such as the type of bonus game, pay tables and players. Thefunctions of central server computer 220 and bonus event computer 240may, of course, be combined in a single computer. The bonus eventcomputer 240 may include a database that stores and provides the bonusgames of the present invention, which may be downloaded in batch or ondemand depending on the type of bonus game. The bonus games may becategorized in the database based on the difficulty level and topic ofthe game. The difficulty of the bonus game presented to the qualifiedplayer(s) may be monitored or controlled by the bonus event computer240. In addition, the database must be secure so that players do notview the game before the bonus game is activated. Furthermore, thedatabase must be augmented, revised and updated regularly to ensure thatqualified players are presented with new games each time they qualifyfor the bonus game.

The bonus game may be conducted solely on the bonus event computer 240and visible manifestations of the bonus game, including the finaloutcome thereof, are displayed as video images on high-resolutionmonitor 162, game display device 178, or at least one bonus game display236 (FIG. 3). Alternatively, a separate bonus game apparatus 242 forproviding an actual, physical implementation of the bonus game, such asa live trivia game or a live game of chess, may be operably coupled tobonus event computer 240. Bonus event computer 240 may be employed toinitiate the bonus game on bonus game apparatus 242 and to receivecommunications indicative of the course of the bonus game and its finaloutcome for determination of winners and losers and issuance of bonusawards resulting from winning wagers. Preferably, the gaming network 210further includes a real-time or on-line accounting and gaminginformation system 260 operably coupled to the central server computer220. The accounting and gaming information system 260 includes a playerdatabase for storing player profiles, a player tracking module fortracking players and a pit, cage and credit system for providingautomated casino transactions.

As previously implied, a bank 214 of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n)may be networked together in a progressive configuration, as known inthe art, wherein a portion of each wager used to initiate the primarygame may be allocated to bonus awards or bonus pools. The bonus pool mayalso comprise a predetermined, fixed number of credits that are addedfor each qualifying entry. In addition, and referring to FIG. 3, a hostsite computer 320 is coupled to a plurality of the central servercomputers 220 at a variety of mutually remote casino or other gamingsites C₁, C₂ . . . C_(n) for providing a multi-site linked automatedbonus gaming system 310 which, optionally, may be configured forprogressive play.

Preferably, the host site computer 320 will be maintained for theoverall operation and control of the bonus gaming system 310. The hostsite computer 320 includes a host site network system 322 and acommunication link 324 provided with a high-speed, secure modem link foreach individual casino site C₁, C₂ . . . C_(n).

Each casino or other gaming site C₁, C₂ . . . C_(n) includes the centralserver computer 220 provided with a network controller 230 whichincludes a high-speed modem operably coupled thereto. Bidirectionalcommunication between the host site computer 320 and each casino sitecentral server 220 is accomplished by the set of modems transferringdata over communication link 324.

A network controller 230, a bank controller 232 and a communication link234 are interposed between each central server computer 220 and theplurality of networked gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) at each casinosite C₁, C₂ . . . C_(n). In addition, the network controller 230, thebank controller 232 and the communication link 234 may optionally beinterposed between each central server computer 220 and at least oneseparate bonus game display 236 at each casino site C₁, C₂ . . . C_(n).Moreover, the bonus gaming system 310 may include hardware and softwareto loop back data for in-machine meter displays to communicate withbonus event award insert areas on gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n).

By way of exemplary implementation of the present invention, the bank214 of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) may be connected or linked toform a competitive bonus gaming network 210. The bank 214 of gamingmachines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) may also be connected or linked to the atleast one bonus game display 236. The bank 214 of gaming machines isrepresented in FIG. 2 as G₁ through G_(n), where G₁ is depicted as anelectronic slot machine and G_(n) is depicted as a reel-type slotmachine. Although only two, networked gaming machines are illustrated inFIG. 2, it will be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the artthat any number of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) may be used in thepresent invention. For example, in a preferred embodiment, the bank 214of gaming machines comprises fifty or more gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . .G_(n), where “n” equals at least fifty, connected or linked together.

Bonus game display 236 may be configured as a relatively large, liquidcrystal display (“LCD”) screen or a plurality of such screens. Thescreen(s) is/are relatively large in comparison to the high-resolutionmonitor 162 or other game display device 178 of gaming machine 100. Thebonus game display(s) 236 may be positioned in an area above the gamingmachines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) so that the screen(s) is/are visible to allplayers at the bank 214 of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n). Bonusgame display 236 may comprise other types of display screens known inthe art including cathode ray tube (CRT) screens, plasma displayscreens, and/or screens based on light-emitting diode (LED) technology.Bonus game display 236 may be a display screen configured for multipleuses and/or concurrent display of other casino-sponsored information.For example, bonus game display 236 may be used in association with aSports Book venue of the casino during periods in which bonus gamedisplay 236 is temporarily not used for the purposes of the presentinvention.

Gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) may be connected to bonus gamedisplay 236 through communication link 234. Communication link 234 maybe any of a variety of communication links known in the art, including,but not limited to: twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, fiber optic,Ethernet, token ring, bus line, Fibre Channel, ATM, standard serialconnections, LAN, WAN, Intranet, Internet, radio waves, or otherwireless connections.

In the bonus game of the present invention, the player of the primarygame at one of gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) qualifies for thebonus game by achieving a specific outcome or by meeting other selectedcriteria associated with play of the primary game. Play of the bonusgame is based on the player's level of strategy, skill, or knowledge. Incurrently preferred embodiments, these bonus games may be a trivia game,a phrase-guessing game, or a maze. However, other strategy- orskill-based games, as previously described, may be used.

In order to qualify for the bonus game, a special symbol or element maybe provided on one or more reels of the slot machine of the primarygame. These symbols are referred to as “event symbols.” The player mustachieve a predetermined number of event symbols, the specific outcome,to participate in the bonus game. In one preferred embodiment, the eventsymbol is a “Logo” symbol and the player must achieve two “Logo” symbolsto qualify for the bonus game. However, it will be readily apparent toone of ordinary skill in the art that the bonus game may be activated byother event symbols and that the number of event symbols necessary toactivate the bonus game may vary, depending on how frequently the gamingestablishment wants the bonus game activated.

Other ways to qualify for the bonus game may also be contemplated. Forinstance, players may qualify by achieving multiple specific outcomes inthe primary game, playing the primary game a preselected number oftimes, playing the primary game multiple times for a preselectedduration of time, or wagering a preselected sum over a plurality ofplays of the primary game.

It is possible that multiple players may simultaneously qualify for thebonus game. It is also possible for one player to win multiplequalifications into the bonus game. That player may then use themultiple qualifications to increase his or her stake in the bonus game,thereby allowing the player to receive two or more shares of the bonuspool if he or she ultimately wins the game. The multiple qualificationsmay also be converted to normal award categories once the player hasqualified for the bonus game. Alternatively, the player may reserve themultiple qualifications to enter subsequent rounds of the bonus game or,depending on the type of bonus game, the player may receive multipleentries into the bonus game. For example, the player may use his or hermultiple qualifications to take multiple guesses at the correct answerin the trivia game or to guess multiple letters in the phrase-guessinggame.

Upon qualifying for the bonus game, the player is notified of hisopportunity to participate by an interaction with his gaming machine100, which is one of the bank 214 or other plurality of gaming machinesG₁, G₂ . . . G_(n). This interaction may occur through the appearance ofa message on a touch screen 166 of gaming machine 100. Once activated,the bonus game may start immediately. However, the bonus game may alsostart after a certain number of players have qualified for the bonusgame, when the bonus pool reaches a predetermined level, at fixed orrandom time intervals (for example, the bonus game may be activatedone-half hour after the conclusion of the last bonus game or every houron the half hour), randomly throughout the day, when a predeterminednumber of primary games in the bank 214 have been played, or in responseto a game outcome.

When the player has qualified for the bonus game, the predeterminednumber of credits for each qualifying entry may be added to the bonuspool. The number of credits added to the bonus pool may be calculated tomaintain the net return of the house in the primary game and will varyfor each type of bonus game. This design allows a bonus game based onskill to be used by ensuring the house's independence from the player'sskill. Since the bonus pool in this exemplary embodiment is determinedby the fixed number of credits for each qualifying entry, the house'snet return in the primary game is not affected by the player's skill.The bonus game is played to the final outcome, whereupon the bonus poolis awarded to the winner(s). Depending on the type of bonus game, thebonus pool may be awarded to one player or divided among players thatachieved the final outcome. It is also contemplated that the house mayreceive a percentage of the credits added to the bonus pool.

The bonus game is selected from the database according to the desireddifficulty level and/or topic. The difficulty or topic of the bonus gamepresented to the qualified player(s) may be determined randomly, byplayer preference, based on past performance, or based on status in thecurrent bonus game.

When the bonus game is ready to start, the players currently qualifiedto participate may be queried through the touch screen 166 or othercommunication element associated with gaming machine 100 as to whetherthey wish to participate in the bonus game. Alternatively, the playersmay be automatically entered in the bonus game and advised of theirentry through the touch screen 166 and/or an audio signal, such as atrumpet blast, bells, music, etc. Once the bonus game has started, theplayers may have a certain amount of time within which to play the bonusgame. However, if the time is not specifically limited, the finaloutcome in the bonus game may be determined by the player who mostquickly finishes the bonus game to a winning outcome. The players playthe bonus game by interacting with touch screen 166 or othercommunication elements associated with gaming machine 100, as is knownin the art.

Multiple bonus games may be in play simultaneously, allowing qualifiedplayers to choose the bonus game in which they wish to participate. Themultiple bonus games may be of different types or difficulty levels.Qualified players may freely choose to play any of the multiple games.However, in some instances, the players may be required to achieve otherspecific outcomes or earn the right to choose between the multiplegames. For example, the players may be required to accumulate a specificnumber of credits or win at lower difficulty levels before earning theright to choose the bonus game in which they wish to participate.

When teams of players are enabled to compete against one or more otherteams, such a configuration may actually speed play of a round of bonusgame play by enabling input from more than one player. Further, it iscontemplated that teams may be comprised of an odd number of players soas to enable a “vote” for a particular answer or strategy by the team,and team members may be enabled to acquiesce to another team member'sproposed response, rather than submit one of their own. Still further,the bonus game may be configured so that team members may be able tomutually communicate the identities of responses they know to beincorrect or ill-advised, so as to enable the team to arrive at a morepreferred response.

Certain bonus games may be configured for team play. For instance,qualified players may collaborate or participate in the bonus game as ateam. Some bonus games may only be configured for team participation,while other games may allow both one-person and team participation. Theteams may be determined randomly, by player choice, by game outcomes, orby which gaming machines are being played. For instance, gaming machines100 located adjacent to each other (for example, in a bank) or in acertain location in the casino may be assigned to one team while gamingmachines 100 in a different location are assigned to a second team. Thenumber of players allowed on each team may vary and may be related tothe type of bonus game.

In one approach, the bonus game is a multiple-choice, trivia game. Foreach qualifying entry in the trivia game, a predetermined number ofcredits are added to the bonus pool. A trivia question selected from theappropriate category and difficulty level of the database is thendownloaded from the database of questions. The qualified players arepresented with the trivia question and five possible answers, whichinclude one correct answer. The qualified players may all be presentedwith the same question or a different question. If all the qualifiedplayers are presented with the same question, that question may bedisplayed on high-resolution monitor 162, game display device 178,and/or bonus game display device 236. However, if the qualified playersare presented with a different question, the question may be displayedon the high resolution monitor 162 or game display device 178 associatedwith their individual gaming machines 100.

The final outcome in the bonus game is determined by the qualifiedplayers' answers to the trivia question, which are based on eachplayer's level of skill or knowledge. If one player correctly answersthe question, that player may be awarded the entire bonus pool. However,if more than one player correctly answers the question, the bonus poolmay be divided equally between those players or the player who mostquickly answers the question may receive a larger portion of the bonuspool. If none of the players correctly answers the question, the creditsin the bonus pool may be applied to the next round of the bonus game.The player may also choose to ignore or cancel the question if he or shedoes not want to participate in the bonus game.

Alternatively, a player may be immediately presented with a triviaquestion and five possible answers. In this embodiment, the bonus gamemay be played at a number of different levels or statuses. For example,the status indicator may be a ladder with the rungs of the ladderrepresenting different status levels. A character or other identifiermay be used to display the player's position on the status indicator.For example, the identifier may be a symbol of a person, which can bedisplayed on the rungs of the ladder. The player may elect to take aprize in lieu of participating in the bonus game. If the player electsto participate in the bonus game but does not answer the question, byeither ignoring or canceling the question, he or she may maintain his orher number of points or position on the status indicator. If the playerincorrectly answers the question, he or she may be penalized bydeducting points or moving the player down on the status indicatorladder. If the player correctly answers the question, he or she mayreceive a certain number of points or move an established increment downon the status indicator ladder. The bonus game may run for apredetermined time, through a predetermined number of questions, oruntil one of the players reaches a set number of points or position onthe status indicator ladder. The bonus pool may be awarded to the playerwith the highest number of points or position on the status indicatorladder.

In still other embodiments of the trivia game, different questions mayhave different numbers of points depending on, for example, thedifficulty of the question. In addition, the bonus pool may not bedistributed if too many players correctly answer the question. Forexample, the bonus pool may not be distributed if 25% of the playerscorrectly answer the question. Instead, the players may be presentedwith a second, more difficult question. Furthermore, multiple triviagames, each with different difficulty levels, may be in progresssimultaneously. Qualifying players may choose the difficulty level ofthe bonus game in which they wish to participate.

In another approach, a strategy or puzzle game is provided as the bonusgame. Upon qualifying for the bonus game, each player earns a singlemove or guess in the bonus game. Points may be awarded to the player'slocal credit meter for each correct move or guess. The player whocompletes the puzzle first or achieves the greatest number of points maybe awarded the bonus pool. The bonus pool may also be awarded to thequalified player who most quickly solves the puzzle.

In one currently preferred embodiment, the bonus game is amultiple-choice, trivia game referred to as the “Top of the Ladder”trivia game. A bank 214 of fifty or more gaming machines is linkedtogether and connected to a bonus event computer 240. The primary gameon gaming machines 100 comprises a 5-reel, multi-line spinning reelgame. The “Logo” symbol is represented, for example, on the first andlast (left- and right-hand most) reels. Along an edge of the display ofa game display device 178 of each individual gaming machine 100 isdisplayed the status indicator, a ladder, with a prize amount indicatedfor each rung of the ladder. The number of rungs on the ladder may varydepending on the type of bonus game being played. The prize amountincreases progressively with each higher rung of the ladder, with thetop rung of the ladder being a progressive bonus pool with a dynamicprize amount provided by the bonus event computer 240. The identifier onthe ladder, such as a symbol of a person, starts off at the lowest rungand is moved up the ladder as the player correctly answers a pluralityof questions. The player's status in the bonus game is indicated by theposition of the symbol of the person on the ladder.

In order to qualify for the bonus game, the player must achieve two“Logo” symbols on a pay line. Gaming machine 100 is configured so thatthe reels thereof do not have “Logo” symbols within two stops of eachother, thereby ensuring that if two “Logo” event symbols appear on gamedisplay device 178, the “Logo” symbols will be located on only one payline. The primary game may, for example, offer the following nine paylines, where the “X's” are employed to indicate each pay lineconfiguration:

◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X X X X X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X X X X X X X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X X X X X ◯ ◯ ◯ X X X X◯ ◯ ◯ X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X ◯ X X ◯ ◯ ◯ X ◯ ◯ X ◯ X ◯ ◯ X X ◯ ◯X ◯ X ◯ ◯ X ◯ ◯ ◯ X X ◯ X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X X ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ ◯ X

A flowchart of an exemplary play sequence for a multiple-choice, triviagame of the first currently preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.After qualifying for the bonus game, the gaming machine 100 signals thebonus event computer 240 and the “Top of the Ladder” trivia game isimplemented. The predetermined number of credits for each qualifyingentry is added to the progressive bonus pool. The total amount of theprogressive bonus pool is displayed on the top rung of each gamingmachine's ladder. Typically, the total amount is a fixed amountconsistent with the odds of obtaining that game outcome.

The bonus event computer then sends a question and five possible answersto the player who qualified for the bonus game. The difficulty of thequestion is determined by the rung upon which the player's identifier ispositioned, with the difficulty increasing the further up the ladder theidentifier is positioned. The question and possible answers aredisplayed either on the player's high-resolution monitor 162, gamedisplay device 178, or bonus game display 236. The player may choose toanswer the question, take the prize associated with his current ladderposition, or ignore or cancel the question. The player has twenty (20)seconds in which to answer a question.

If the player chooses to take the prize for his or her current position,that amount may be removed from the bonus pool and paid out to theplayer, and the bonus game ends, at least for that player. If the playercancels the question, or does not answer within the required time, theplayer may remain at his or her current ladder position. If the playercorrectly answers the question, he or she may move up one rung on theladder. However, if the player answers incorrectly, he or she may bemoved down one rung. The new positions on the ladder are displayed bymoving the person symbol, or identifier, up or down. The final outcomein the bonus game is determined when one player reaches the top rung onthe ladder. This player is awarded the progressive bonus pool. Theidentifiers on all of the gaming machines 100 are then reset to thelowest rung of the ladder in preparation for a new bonus game.

Players may sometimes choose to leave their gaming machines 100 withzero credits while the identifier is positioned above the lowest rung onthe ladder. If the gaming machine is left in this situation for morethan five minutes, the identifier may be moved down the ladder one rungor increment. The identifier may be moved down an additional rung everyfive minutes until the identifier reaches the lowest rung on the ladder.This feature gives passersby or potential players in the casinoincentive to search for an unoccupied gaming machine 100 where theidentifier is already partially up the ladder. Of course, if a playertracking system is employed, a player may leave a gaming machine 100 and“remove” his character with an associated place on the status indicatorladder and return later for play at the same or another gaming machine100 to recommence play from the same ladder rung.

In a second exemplary embodiment, the bonus game is a phrase-guessinggame, similar to the WHEEL OF FORTUNE® game known in the art. A bank ofapproximately ten gaming machines 100 is linked together and connectedto the bonus event computer 240. The gaming machines are also connectedto at least one bonus game display 236, such as a 42-inch plasma screen.The bonus event computer 240 has a periodically updated databasecontaining a large number of stored phrases. Each phrase is categorizedinto a different difficulty level. In addition, each letter of thealphabet is associated with a fixed number of points according to Table1.

TABLE 1 5 points: J Q V W X Y Z 3 points: B C D F G H K L 2 points: D MN P R S T 1 point: A E I O U

Once the bonus game is triggered, a phrase of the appropriate difficultylevel is randomly chosen from the database. The bonus game display 236initially displays blank letter positions, with one position displayedfor each letter in the phrase. The bonus game display 236 also displaysa “Bonus Pool” meter that reflects the amount to be awarded in the bonusgame and is initially set to zero. Each gaming machine 100 comprises avideo display spinning reel primary game and a ‘My Points’ meter thatdisplays the number of points that the player has received in the bonusgame. One of the event symbols on the reels is a “Your Turn” symbol. Ifthe player receives the “Your Turn” symbol on one of his or her reels,twenty credits are added to the “Bonus Pool” meter and the player mayguess a letter in the phrase. If the player guesses a letter that occursin the phrase, the number of points associated with that letter is addedto his “My Points” meter for each occurrence of the letter. In addition,the letter(s) appear(s) in the appropriate positions on the bonus gamedisplay 236.

When all the letters in the phrase have been guessed, thereby completingthe phrase, the player with the most points on his “My Points” meter isawarded the bonus pool. It is also contemplated that the player whoguessed the last letter(s) in the phrase may receive a portion of thebonus pool. After the bonus pool has been awarded, the bonus pool meteris reset to zero and a new phrase appears when the next bonus game isactivated.

Additional approaches to this embodiment exist. For example, certaingame outcomes may enable the player to make more than one guess as tothe letters in the phrase. In addition, this embodiment may comprisemore than one phrase, each phrase being associated with its own “BonusPool” meter. Displaying multiple phrases may add to the continuity ofthe game because at any given time, there would typically be at leastone partially completed phrase from which players may choose. Eachphrase may be displayed in separate areas of the bonus game display 236.Upon receiving the “Your Turn” symbol, the player may choose the phrasein which he or she would like to guess a letter.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, the bonus game is a maze-solvinggame entitled “A-Mazing Cash.” A group of twenty or more gaming machinesis linked together and connected to the bonus event computer 240. Theprimary game is a 9-reel (3×3 array), eight pay line video slot machinewith touch screen 166. One of the event symbols on each reel is a“MazeRunner” symbol. If the player receives five or more “MazeRunner”symbols, he or she qualifies for the bonus game. The bonus game beginswhen, for example, at least five gaming machines 100 have qualified.Once the reels of all five qualified gaming machines have finishedspinning, a brief introduction to the bonus game is presented. Then, amaze pattern is displayed on the high resolution monitor 162 or gamedisplay device 178 of the five machines. The maze may also be displayedon bonus game display 236 so that non-participants in the bonus game mayview the progress of the game.

A “MazeRunner” character is located in the lower left corner of themaze. The qualified players place their fingers on the “MazeRunner” anddrag him through the maze. The first player to reach the upper rightcorner of the maze, thereby completing the maze, is awarded 300 credits.The maze presented to the qualified players is identical on all fivegaming machines in a particular round of the bonus game. However, adifferent maze is displayed in each round so that frequent players ofthe bonus game are not familiar with the maze. Typically, the maze isalgorithmically designed but it may be downloaded from a look-up tablein a database including a large number of mazes. It is also contemplatedthat the qualified player may have the option to take a direct award of50 credits in lieu of participating in the bonus game. In thissituation, the player gives up the possibility of winning 300 credits inreturn for a guaranteed award of 50 credits. This feature may benecessary in situations where too few players have qualified for thebonus game or if a player wishes to leave the bonus game withoutparticipating.

While the exemplary embodiments disclose using at least one gamingmachine G located at one casino or other gaming site, it is possible forremote players of the primary game to qualify for the bonus game of thepresent invention using the bonus gaming system 310 previouslydescribed. For instance, these remote players may play the primary gameon networked gaming machines at mutually remote sites within a casino,at a plurality of mutually remote casino sites, or at virtual gamingsites such as personal computers or other device serving as terminals.As is known in the art, software to play the primary game may bedownloaded onto a personal computer.

Upon qualifying for the bonus game, which may occur in a manner similarto qualification on a gaming machine G located at the casino site, theplayer may be provided with an opportunity to wager on the bonus game.It is contemplated that the software downloaded to the personal computermay include the bonus game of the present invention or sufficientcommunication capability to interact in substantially real time with ahost server. The existence and further development of broadbandcommunication links including DSL, cable, and even broadband wirelessmay enable remote play from a variety of locations using diversehardware such as hand-held wireless terminals at a casino, personaldigital assistants (PDAs), etc. Further, the bonus game may be posted onan Internet site associated with the casino or other sponsor of thebonus game. The bonus game is accessible to the player if the specificoutcomes are achieved in the primary game. The player may participate inthe bonus game through his personal computer terminal via the Internet,such as through streaming audio or video.

As shown in FIG. 3, and previously described, bonus gaming system 310includes a host site computer 320 operably coupled to multiple centralserver computers 220, which may be located at a variety of remote casinoor other gaming sites. Alternatively, central server computers 220 maybe used to interface with a plurality of personal computers, PDAs, orother terminals. Preferably, the host site computer 320 will bemaintained for the overall operation and control of the competitivebonus gaming system 310. Each physical or virtual gaming site,represented as C₁, C₂ . . . C_(n) in FIG. 3, includes the networkcontroller 230, the bank controller 232, and the communication link 234interposed between each central server computer 220 and the multiplegaming machines schematically illustrated as G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n). Asalluded to above, gaming machines G₁, G₂ . . . G_(n) may compriseconventional gaming machines 100, personal computers, wired or wirelessterminals, PDAs, or a combination thereof. Thus, the term “gamingmachine” is used herein in its broadest sense and encompasses any deviceused as a terminal by at least one player to participate in the bonusgame.

While the invention may be susceptible to various modifications andalternative forms, specific embodiments have been shown by way ofexample in the drawings and have been described in detail herein.However, it should be understood that the invention is not intended tobe limited to the particular forms disclosed. Rather, the invention isto cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling withinthe spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the followingappended claims.

1. A gaming system, said gaming system comprising: a plurality of gamingmachines, each of said gaming machines including: a display device; aninput device; a gaming machine processor; and a memory device whichstores a plurality of instructions, which when executed by the gamingmachine processor, cause the gaming machine processor to operate withthe display device and the input device to: (a) enable a player to placea wager on a play of a primary game; and (b) display said play of theprimary game; and a central controller configured to communicate witheach of the gaming machines, said central controller programmed to: (a)maintain a bonus pool associated with a bonus game, wherein the bonuspool includes an allocated portion of each wager placed; (b) determineif a bonus game triggering event has occurred; and (c) if the bonus gametriggering event has occurred: (i) enable a plurality of the players ofsaid gaming machines to form at least one team for a play of the bonusgame; (ii) cause a display of said play of the bonus game; and (iii) foreach of the teams: (A) receive a vote from at least one player of theteam, each vote associated with one of a plurality of differentstrategies for said play of the bonus game; (B) determine which of saidplurality of strategies to employ for the play of the bonus game basedon any votes received from the players of the team; (C) determine anoutcome for the play of the bonus game, based on the strategy employedby said team for the bonus game; and (D) cause any award to be providedbased on the determined outcome to one or more players of said team,wherein said award is provided from the bonus pool.
 2. The gaming systemof claim 1, wherein the bonus game triggering event includes the bonuspool reaching a predetermined level.
 3. The gaming system of claim 1,wherein the award comprises the entire bonus pool.
 4. The gaming systemof claim 1, wherein the award comprises a portion of the bonus pool. 5.The gaming system of claim 1, wherein each of said teams includes aplurality of players.
 6. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein if thedetermination is made to provide the award to at least one of the teams,the award is divided among one or more of the players forming said team.7. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein said bonus game includes atrivia game, said trivia game associated with a plurality of triviaquestions, each of said trivia questions associated with a set ofanswers, and wherein said central controller is programmed to, for saidplay of the bonus game, for each of the teams: (i) select and cause adisplay of one of said trivia questions and the set of answersassociated with the selected trivia question, the selected triviaquestion and the set of answers having a difficulty level selectedaccording to a criterion, the criterion being independent of playerpreference; and (ii) receive the vote from at least one of the playersforming the team, each vote including a selection of an answer from theset of answers associated with the selected trivia question.
 8. Thegaming system of claim 7, wherein a same trivia question is displayed toeach of said teams.
 9. The gaming system of claim 7, wherein a differenttrivia question is displayed to each of said teams.
 10. The gamingsystem of claim 7, wherein a different trivia question is displayed to aplurality of said teams.
 11. The gaming system of claim 7, wherein thecriterion is selected from the group consisting of: a random selection,a past performance of one or more of the players forming said team, anda status in the bonus game.
 12. The gaming system of claim 1, wherein,for each team, players of said team who do not vote are eligible to winthe award, if any, based on the determined outcome.
 13. A method ofoperating a gaming system, said method comprising: (a) for each of aplurality of gaming machines: (i) causing at least one gaming machineprocessor to execute a plurality of instructions stored in at least onememory device to operate with at least one input device to enable aplayer to place a wager on a play of a primary game; and (ii) causingthe at least one gaming machine processor to execute the plurality ofinstructions to operate with at least one display device to display saidplay of the primary game; (b) causing at least one central controller tomaintain a bonus pool associated with a bonus game, wherein the bonuspool includes an allocated portion of each wager placed; (c) causing theat least one central controller to determine if a bonus game triggeringevent has occurred; and (d) if the bonus game triggering event hasoccurred: (i) causing the at least one central controller to enable aplurality of the players of said gaming machines to form at least oneteam for a play of the bonus game; (ii) causing the at least one centralcontroller to cause a display of said play of the bonus game; and (iii)for each of the teams: (A) causing the at least one central controllerto receive a vote from at least one player of the team, each voteassociated with one of a plurality of different strategies for said playof the bonus game; (B) causing the at least one central controller todetermine which of said plurality of strategies to employ for the playof the bonus game based on any votes received from the players of theteam; (C) causing the at least one central controller to determine anoutcome for the play of the bonus game based on the strategy employed bysaid team for the bonus game; and (D) causing the at least one centralcontroller to cause any award to be provided based on the determinedoutcome to one or more players of said team, wherein said award isprovided from the bonus pool.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein thebonus game triggering event includes the bonus pool reaching apredetermined level.
 15. The method of claim 13, wherein said bonus gameincludes a trivia game, said trivia game associated with a plurality oftrivia questions, each of said trivia questions associated with a set ofanswers, and which includes causing said central controller to, for saidplay of the bonus game, for each of the teams: (i) select and cause adisplay of one of said trivia questions and the set of answersassociated with the selected trivia question, the selected triviaquestion and the set of answers having a difficulty level selectedaccording to a criterion, the criterion being independent of playerpreference; and (ii) receive the vote from at least one of the playersforming the team, each vote including a selection of an answer from theset of answers associated with the selected trivia question.
 16. Themethod of claim 13, which is provided through a data network.
 17. Themethod of claim 16, wherein the data network is the internet.
 18. Anon-transitory computer readable medium including a plurality ofinstructions which, when executed by at least one central controller,cause the at least one central controller to communicate with each of aplurality of gaming machines to: (a) maintain a bonus pool associatedwith a bonus game, wherein the bonus pool includes an allocated portionof each wager placed by a player on a play of a primary game on one ofthe gaming machines; (b) determine if a bonus game triggering event hasoccurred; and (c) if the bonus game triggering event has occurred: (i)enable a plurality of the players of said gaming machines to form atleast one team for a play of the bonus game, (ii) cause a display ofsaid play of the bonus game, and (iii) for each of the teams: (A)receive a vote from at least one player of the team, each voteassociated with one of a plurality of different strategies for said playof the bonus game, (B) determine which of said plurality of strategiesto employ for the play of the bonus game based on any votes receivedfrom the players of the team, (C) determine an outcome for the play ofthe bonus game, based on the strategy employed by said team for thebonus game, and (D) cause any award to be provided based on thedetermined outcome to one or more players of said team, wherein saidaward is provided from the bonus pool.
 19. The non-transitory computerreadable medium of claim 18, wherein the bonus game triggering eventincludes the bonus pool reaching a predetermined level.
 20. Thenon-transitory computer readable medium of claim 1, wherein said bonusgame includes a trivia game, said trivia game associated with aplurality of trivia questions, each of said trivia questions associatedwith a set of answers, and wherein the plurality of instructions, whenexecuted by at least one central controller, cause the at least onecentral controller to communicate with the plurality of gaming machinesto, for said play of the bonus game, for each of the teams: (i) selectand cause a display of one of said trivia questions and the set ofanswers associated with the selected trivia question, the selectedtrivia question and the set of answers having a difficulty levelselected according to a criterion, the criterion being independent ofplayer preference; and (ii) receive the vote from at least one of theplayers forming the team, each vote including a selection of an answerfrom the set of answers associated with the selected trivia question.